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Binomial Nomenclature

Tanım

The two-part Latin naming system for species consisting of genus and species names (e.g., Salmo salar). Established by Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century.

Ayrıntılı Açıklama

Introduced in Linnaeus's 'Systema Naturae' (10th edition, 1758), the system provides each species with a unique, language-neutral name: genus (capitalized, italicized) + species epithet (lowercase, italicized) + optional authority and year. For fish, the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) governs priority rules: the oldest validly published name takes precedence. Molecular taxonomy has triggered extensive revisions — many 'species' have proved to be species complexes, splitting single names into many. Conversely, DNA barcoding (using mitochondrial COI gene sequences) has revealed that some nominal species are genetically identical, requiring synonymization.

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