Alabama hog sucker

The Alabama hog sucker, <em>Hypentelium etowanum</em>, is a freshwater fish of the family Catostomidae — the suckers — native to stream systems of the Mobile Basin in Alabama and adjacent states of the southeastern United States. Adults typically reach a maximum recorded length of approximately 23 cm. Like its close relative the northern hog sucker (<em>Hypentelium nigricans</em>), <em>Hypentelium etowanum</em> is a benthic specialist that inhabits clear, rocky-bottomed streams and rivers with moderate to strong current. It is well adapted for life on the streambed, featuring a flattened head, a downward-facing protractile mouth lined with cartilaginous lips, and a strong body capable of navigating and holding position in riffle zones. The Alabama hog sucker feeds by rooting through gravel and disturbing substrate to expose benthic invertebrates, diatoms, and organic detritus, earning the common name "hog sucker" from this characteristic rooting behaviour. Its habit of turning over small stones and pebbles while foraging often disturbs aquatic invertebrates, which may be taken advantage of by other species including darters and minnows that follow and feed on displaced prey. The species is native to the Etowah and Coosa river drainages among others. <em>Hypentelium etowanum</em> has not been formally assessed for conservation status.