Catch Quota
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<fishfyi-glossary slug="catch-quota"></fishfyi-glossary>Определение
A regulatory limit on the total allowable catch of a fish species within a defined area and time period, set by fisheries management agencies based on stock assessments.
Подробное объяснение
Total Allowable Catch (TAC) quotas are the primary regulatory tool in most major fisheries, derived from stock assessment models that estimate spawning stock biomass, recruitment, and mortality rates. Individual Transferable Quotas (ITQs) — allocating quotas as tradable property rights — theoretically eliminate the 'race to fish' and allow fleet consolidation, but have been criticized for concentrating quota ownership and excluding small-scale fishers. ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea) provides scientific advice for TAC setting across North Atlantic fisheries. Political pressures regularly lead to TAC setting above scientific recommendations — the EU Council of Ministers' decisions on quotas have historically been 20-50% above ICES advice.