Alabama bass

The Alabama bass, <em>Micropterus henshalli</em>, is a freshwater sportfish of the family Centrarchidae — the sunfishes — native to river systems of Alabama and adjacent southeastern United States. It was formerly considered a subspecies or synonym of the spotted bass (<em>Micropterus punctulatus</em>) but is now recognised as a distinct species based on morphological and molecular evidence. Adults can reach a maximum recorded length of approximately 61 cm, though typical angler-caught specimens are considerably smaller. <em>Micropterus henshalli</em> inhabits flowing rivers, streams, and reservoirs, preferring areas with moderate to strong current, rocky substrate, and overhead cover such as boulders, undercut banks, and woody debris. It is a robust predator that feeds on crayfish, small fish, aquatic invertebrates, and occasionally frogs or other vertebrates that enter the water. The species is highly regarded by anglers for its aggressive strike and strong fighting behaviour, and it supports a significant recreational fishery within its native range. Conservation concern has emerged regarding hybridisation between the Alabama bass and introduced populations of smallmouth bass (<em>Micropterus dolomieu</em>) and spotted bass, which threatens genetic integrity of native populations in some Alabama river systems. The species has not been formally assessed for conservation status under current IUCN criteria.